This page discusses what they are, what they can do, what issues they face, and their history. However, thorium is not fissile. Making thorium dioxide is …
They have interesting benefits, and a different set of problems. Now, Thorium is vastly more sustainable than natural Uranium, we all agree on that. A Thorium-Uranium reactor can breed at thermal energies at higher than breakeven. We have met "money" and "expert" both problems. The concept has been proven in the 1960s. Such reactors are targeted to solve problems of existing nuclear reactor technology, including waste, risk, scalability, and cost. Thorium is the fertile element of the fuel; it still needs a fissile element to get it started. In another thread, Dr. LeBlanc commented, in a 2 fluid reactor you can have more blanket salt cycled in and out of your reactor … They can be an excellent supplement for energy from sun and wind. Most thorium-fueled designs are breeder reactors, meaning they produce more fissile material than they consume.
But the problem with nuclear power today is not sustainability of the fuel supply . by Gordon Edwards, July 13, 2011 . whether uranium- or thorium-based, generate large amounts of heat during reactor operation, and failing to effectively remove that heat will lead to serious safety problems, as was seen at Fukushima. The Nuclear Dream Factory . Realizing thorium’s full potential requires research. The US Department of Energy has concluded after a review that “the choice between uranium-based fuel and thorium-based fuel is Over half of its 674,000 pebbles contained Th-HEU fuel particles (the rest comprised graphite moderator and some neutron absorbers). Molten salt reactors, such as the LFTR, are completely different types of nuclear reactors than those currently operating. The 300 MWe Thorium High Temperature Reactor (THTR) at Hamm-Uentrop in Germany operated with thorium-HEU fuel between 1983 and 1989, when it was shut down due to technical problems. And here is one place the thorium-uranium fuel cycle differs from the uranium-plutonium fuel cycle. For example, 1960s 2 Fluid designs had about 260 tonnes of thorium in the blanket salt versus about 70 tonnes in the later Single Fluid design. As fission occurs, heat and neutrons are released from the core and absorbed by the surrounding salt. In recently, China has luanched the thorium reactor and ADS (Accelerator Driven sub-critical reactor System for waste management and energy amplifier). Thorium molten salt reactors have the potential to offer abundant, affordable, safe and clean energy for thousands of years. The liquid fluoride thorium reactor (LFTR; often pronounced lifter) is a type of molten salt reactor.LFTRs use the thorium fuel cycle with a fluoride-based, molten, liquid salt for fuel.In a typical design, the liquid is pumped between a critical core and an external heat exchanger where the heat is transferred to a nonradioactive secondary salt. First, thorium-232 and uranium-233 are added to fluoride salts in the reactor core. Thorium Reactors: Back to the Dream Factory .
One of the biggest challenges in developing a thorium reactor is finding a way to fabricate the fuel economically.
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