Gliese 229 B - first brown dwarf … The 0.25 AU … The object, a red dwarf known as Scholz's star, cruised through the outer reaches of the Solar System - a region known as the Oort Cloud. Its orbit would be thousands of times further from the Sun than the Earth's - which could explain why it has so far remained undiscovered. "This is the first time we have ever observed an object beyond our solar system which possesses a spectrum that is astonishingly just like that of a gas giant planet," said Shrinivas Kulkarni, a member of the team from Caltech.
In fact, most astronomers would classify any object with between 15 times the mass of Jupiter and 75 times the mass of Jupiter to be a brown dwarf. Astronomers have discovered the first aurora ever seen in an object beyond our Solar System. It is the closest such system … Using the NASA-funded citizen science project called "Backyard Worlds: Planet 9," Rosa Castro uncovered a novel object that was neither planet nor star. The brown dwarf in the new study, called Luhman 16A, is part of a pair that together represents the closest known binary brown dwarf system to our solar system, lying at a distance of 6.5 light-years away. A brown dwarf as cold as the North Pole has been discovered lurking remarkably close to our solar system, and it appears to be the coldest of its kind yet found, scientists say.
This newly discovered "brown dwarf" is believed to have formed from the same condensed matter that gave birth to our Sun. Left: During the eclipse, the primary brown dwarf blocks about 4% of the secondary brown dwarf’s light. They found the aurora not from a planet, but from a low-mass star at the boundary between stars and brown dwarfs. It is believed that, after the large planets formed around the Sun, they pushed it to the edge of the Solar system where it formed a sphere about 1.9MJ -- well below the mass needed to ignite it as a "sun."
Cha 110913-773444 is the smallest brown dwarf found to date (8 Jupiter masses)and if it formed a solar system it would be the smallest object to have one. Brown dwarfs are objects which have a size between that of a giant planet like Jupiter and that of a small star. Brown Dwarf Solar Flare July 12, 2000 -- NASA's latest observatory, designed to see the most violent and stunning cosmic phenomena, captured something unexpected. The aurora — similar to the famous “Northern Lights” on Earth — is 10,000 times more powerful than any previously seen. (updates daily) (As of 1 Nov 2013 also includes latest thermal and occultation results) As of Mon Feb 24 2020 there are: 10 objects which are nearly certainly dwarf planets, 27 objects which are highly likely to be dwarf planets, 68 objects which are likely to be dwarf planets,
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